Prokaryotic expression, subcellular localization and enzymatic activity analysis of DXS gene from Platycodon grandiflorum / 药学学报

1-Deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS), the first key enzyme in 2-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, catalyzes the condensation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate with pyruvate to 1-deoxy-xylose-5-phosphate (DXP). In this study, PgDXS1, PgDXS2, and PgDXS3 genes were cloned from the root of Platycodon grandiflorum (P. grandiflorum). The open reading frame (ORF) of PgDXS1, PgDXS2, and PgDXS3 were 2 160, 2 208, and 2 151 bp in full length, encoding 719, 735, and 716 amino acids, respectively. Homologous alignment results showed a high identity of PgDXSs with DXS in Hevea brasiliensis, Datura stramonium and Stevia rebaudiana. The recombinant expression plasmids of pET-28a-PgDXSs were constructed and transformed into Escherichia coli (E. coli) BL21 (DE3) cells, and the induced proteins were successfully expressed. Subcellular localization results showed that PgDXS1 and PgDXS2 were mainly located in chloroplasts, and PgDXS3 was located in chloroplasts, nucleus and cytoplasm. The expression of three DXS genes in different tissues of two producing areas of P. grandiflorum were assayed via real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the results showed that all of them were highly expressed in leaves of P. grandiflorum from Taihe. Under methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment, the expression levels of three PgDXS genes showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing at different time points (3 - 48 h), and the activity of DXS showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing in three tissues of P. grandiflorum. This study provides a reference for further elucidating the biological function of PgDXS in terpenoid synthesis pathway in P. grandiflorum.

Investigation on blood lead level of workers in a lead-acid battery factory in Wuhan / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To investigate the occupational lead exposure and blood lead levels of workers in a lead-acid battery factory in Wuhan in 2020 and analyze the influencing factors of blood lead, and to provide reference for the blood lead intervention of the workers in the lead-acid battery factory. Methods The blood lead test results of 320 occupational lead-exposed workers in the factory were investigated and the influencing factors were analyzed. Results Among the 320 blood lead samples collected, 4 people had blood lead≥400 μg/L, accounting for 1.25%, and 89 people had blood lead≥200 μg/L, accounting for 27.81%. Among them, there were 235 males with a median blood lead of 155.10 μg/L, and 85 females with a median blood lead of 82.40 μg/L. The Wilcoxon rank sum test results of two independent samples showed that the overall blood lead level of male employees was higher than that of female employees, and the difference was statistically significant (P 50 years old. Using the Bonferroni method to adjust the significance level for pairwise comparison, it was found that there were significant differences in the blood lead concentrations between the group under 40 years old, the group of 40 - 50 years old, and the group of over 50 years old ( P < 0.016 after adjustment). The employees were classified into different workshops, including 38 samples from the administrative workshop , 40 samples from the charging workshop, and 242 samples from the assembly workshop. Using the Bonferroni method to adjust the significance level for pairwise comparison, it was found that the blood lead concentrations in the administrative workshop, the charging workshop, and the assembly workshop were statistically different ( P <0.016 after adjustment). Conclusion The age, gender, and type of work of the employees in the battery factory all have a certain impact on the blood lead level. It is necessary to continuously improve the management of the labor hygiene operation system and strengthen the self-protection level of the workers, and regularly carry out occupational hygiene inspection and health monitoring.

Analysis on research hotspots and trends in the field of TCM for cervical cancer based on CiteSpace / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To analyze the research hotspots and trends in the field of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for cervical cancer at home and abroad in recent 30 years through visualization method.Methods:By setting "cervical cancer" and "TCM" as the research subjects, the articles were retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, and Web of Science Core database (WoS) from January 1, 1992 to January 1, 2022. Citespace 5.8 R3 software was used to conduct visual analysis on the authors, institutions and keywords included in the articles.Results:A total of 1 123 Chinese articles and 573 English articles were included. The number of articles issued showed a gradual upward trend; the author with the largest number of Chinese publications was Jin Zhe, and the author with the largest number of English publications was Chen Guo. The institution with the largest number of Chinese publications was Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; the institution with the largest number of English publications was Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Keywords co-occurrence of the top 3 Chinese keywords in the network frequency (excluding the search words) were "cervical erosion", "urinary retention" and "Yunnan Baiyao"; English keywords were "HeLa cell", "bibliometric", and "information monitoring system". Chinese keywords formed 11 clusters and 25 emergent words; English keywords formed 9 clusters and 17 emergent words.Conclusions:The research content in the field of TCM of cervical cancer about knowledge map in the past 30 years at home and abroad is rich. TCM can play the role of antagonizing human papillomavirus, enhancing immune function, regulating TCM constitution, improving quality of life and so on. At present, the research hotspot is the mechanism exploration of cervical cancer and the curative effect research of clinical complications, and the research trend is clinical curative effect research.

Interaction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon DNA adducts and telomere length on missed abortion / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To analyze the contribution and interaction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)-DNA adducts and changes of telomere length (TL) on missed abortion. Methods: From March to December 2019, patients with missed abortion in the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University and pregnant women with normal pregnancy but voluntary abortion in the same department during the same period were selected and divided into a case group and a control group. Questionnaire was used to investigate the general situation and the pregnancy situation of the subjects. The abortion villi were collected and the content of PAH-DNA adducts and TL was detected. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the associated factors of missed abortion. R epiR package and Mediation package were used to analyze the effect and relationship between PAH-DNA adducts and TL on missed abortion. Results: The age of the subjects was(29.92±5.69)years old. The M(Q1,Q3)of PAH-DNA adducts was 453.75(404.61, 504.72) pg/ml. The M(Q1,Q3)of TL was 1.21(0.77, 1.72). The content of PAH-DNA adducts in the case group was higher than that in the control group (Z=-2.10, P=0.036), while the TL was lower than that in the control group (Z=-4.05, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression showed that low, medium and high levels of PAH-DNA adducts (OR=3.17,95%CI:1.41-7.14;OR=2.85,95%CI:1.25-6.52;OR=2.46,95%CI:1.07-5.64), and long, medium and short levels of TL (OR=2.50,95%CI:1.11-5.63;OR=3.32,95%CI:1.45-7.56;OR=3.22,95%CI:1.42-7.26) were all risk factors for missed abortion. The medium level of PAH-DNA adducts had a 2.76-fold higher risk of shortened TL than those with the lowest level, and no mediating role of TL was found. The stratified analysis showed that when the TL level was longer (>1.21), the low and high levels of PAH-DNA adducts were associated with missed abortion (all P<0.05); when the TL level was shorter (<1.21), the medium level of PAH-DNA adducts was associated with abortion (P=0.025). At lower levels of PAH-DNA adducts, no effect of TL on missed abortion was observed, while, at higher levels, TL was strongly associated with missed abortion (OR=7.50,95%CI:1.95-28.82;OR=6.04,95%CI:1.54-23.65;OR=9.05,95%CI:2.34-35.04). The interaction analysis found that the AP was 0.72 (95%CI: 0.46-0.99), and the SI was 5.21 (95%CI: 2.30-11.77). Conclusion: The high level of PAH-DNA adducts and shortened TL may increase the risk of missed abortion, and there may be a positive additive interaction between the two factors on missed abortion.

Ethical and legal implications of gene editing in plant breeding: a systematic literature review / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Biotechnology policies and regulations must be revised and updated to reflect the most recent advances in plant-breeding technology. New Plant Breeding Techniques (NPBT) such as gene editing have been applied to address the myriad of challenges in plant breeding, while the use of NPBT as emerging biotechnological tools raises legal and ethical concerns. This study aims to highlight how gene editing is operationalized in the existing literature and examine the critical issues of ethical and legal issues of gene editing for plant breeding. We carried out a systematic literature review (SLR) to provide the current states of ethical and legal discourses surrounding this topic. We also identified critical research priority areas and policy gaps that must be addressed when designing the future governance of gene editing in plant breeding.

Application of three risk assessment methods to noise risk assessment in an automobile foundry enterprise / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To explore the applicability of three different kinds of noise occupational health risk assessment methods to the occupational health risk assessment of noise exposed positions in an automobile foundry enterprise. Methods: In July 2020, the occupational-health risk assessment of noise-exposed positions was conducted by using the Guidelines for risk management of occupational noise hazard (guideline method) , the International Commission on Mining and Metals Guidelines for Occupational Health Risk Assessment (ICMM) method and the Occupational-health risk index method (index method) respectively, and the results were analyzed and compared. Results: Through the occupational health field investigation, the noise exposure level of the enterprise's main workstations was between 80.3 and 94.8 dB (A) , among which the noise of the posts of shaking-sand, cleaning and modeling was greater than 85 dB (A) ; The noise risk of each position was evaluated by the three methods, and the adjustment risk level was between 2 and 5 assessed using the guideline method, between 2 and 3 assessed using the index method, and 5 evaluated using the ICMM model. Conclusion: Each of the three risk assessment methods has its own advantages and disadvantages. The ICMM model has a large difference in value assignment, and values in the results are larger than expected. The evaluation results of the guideline method and the index method are consistent in some positions, there is certain subjectivity in the evaluation using the index method, and the guideline method is more objective.

Effects of drug circulation supervision on online drug retailing within different time spans / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To study th e effects of drug circulation supervision on online drug retailing within different time span，and to provide reference for network drug circulation supervision. METHODS Based on the research hypothesis ，a scale was designed to verify the relationship between variables. Questionnaire was used for data collection. Structure equation modeling （SEM）was applied in verifying relationships between variables after exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis ， which aimed to test reliability and validity. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS Result of SEM indicated that drug circulation supervision had a positive significant impact upon online drug retailing within different time spans ，but its intensity varied. Specifically，the influence intensity of drug circulation supervision on retail mode and online prescription decreased with the longer time span ；the influence intensity on the types of online drugs were relatively balanced within different time spans ；the intensity of the impact on the retail cost of online pharmacies increased with the longer time span. Results of further analysis suggested that there were also differences in the weights of observed variables in drug circulation supervision and the weight of information regulation was the lowest. Accordingly，it is suggested to strengthen industry linkage ，standardize retail methods ，coordinate digital supervision system ，strengthen online prescription management ，refine supervision methods ，implement classified supervision ， buffer adverse effects and reduce enterprise costs.

Application of lung ultrasound score inevaluating patients with primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective:To explore the application value of bedside lung ultrasound score(LUS)in evaluating patients with primary graft dysfunction(PGD)after lung transplantation.Methods:A total of 35 PGD patients after lung transplantation in surgical intensive care unit from June 2018 to May 2020 were selected as research objects. After lung transplantation, one physician collected the clinical data, including age, gender, preoperative 24 h APACHE II score, postoperative hemodynamic parameters, lactate and respiratory parameters; another physician was responsible for LUS examination and LUS at 12/24/48/72 h post-operation. The correlation between LUS and oxygenation index was analyzed by bivariate correlation analysis. Receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was utilized for calculating the predictive value, sensitivity and specificity of LUS score for severe PGD.Results:A negative correlation existed between LUS and oxygenation index in single lung transplant( r=-0.536, P<0.01)and a negative correlation between LUS and oxygenation index ( r=-0.518, P<0.01)in double lung transplant. The area under ROC curve of LUS showed that the predictive value of LUS of severe PGD patients with single lung transplant was 7.0 with a sensitivity of 86.7% and a specificity of 72.1%, the predicted value of LUS of severe PGD in double lung transplant was 13.0 with a sensitivity of 83.3% and a specificity of 60.0%. Conclusions:Lung ultrasound is simple and easy to operate and LUS can evaluate the severity of PGD patients after lung transplantation. It has a high potency of guiding clinical diagnosis and treatment.

The effects of positive end-expiratory pressure on central venous pressure in patients with different chest wall elastic resistance / 中华内科杂志

Objective:To investigate the role of chest wall elastic resistance in determining the effects of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on central venous pressure (CVP) in patients with mechanical ventilation (MV).Methods:In this prospective study, according to the median of ratio of chest wall elastic resistance to respiratory system elastic resistance (Ers), patients were divided into high chest wall elastic resistance group (Ecw/Ers≥0.24) and low chest wall elastic resistance group [elastance of chest wall (Ecw)/Ers<0.24]. PEEP was set at 5, 10, 15 cmH 2O (1 cmH 2O=0.098 kPa) respectively. Clinical data including CVP, heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) and respiratory mechanics were recorded. Results:Seventy patients receiving MV were included from November 2017 to December 2018. Clinical characteristics including age, BP, HR, baseline PEEP, the ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen (P/F) and comorbidities were comparable in two groups. However, patients with high Ecw/Ers ratio presented higher body mass index (BMI) than those with low Ecw/Ers ratio[ (25.4±3.2) kg/m 2 vs. (23.4±3.2) kg/m 2, P=0.011]. As PEEP increased from 5 cmH 2O to 10 cmH 2O, CVP in high Ecw/Ers group increased significantly compared with that in low Ecw/Ers group [1.75(1.00, 2.13) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133kPa) vs. 1.50(0.50, 2.00)mmHg, P=0.038], which was the same as PEEP increased from 10 cmH 2O to 15 cmH 2O [2.00(1.50, 3.00)mmHg vs. 1.50(1.00, 2.00)mmHg, P=0.041] or PEEP increased from 5 cmH 2O to 15 cmH 2O [ 3.75(3.00,4.63)mmHg vs. 3.00(1.63, 4.00)mmHg, P=0.012]. When PEEP increased from 5 cmH 2O to 10 cmH 2O, 10 cmH 2O to 15 cmH 2O and 10 cmH 2O to 15 cmH 2O, there were significant correlations between Ecw/Ers and CVP elevation ( r=0.29, P=0.016; r=0.31, P=0.011; r=0.31, P=0.01 respectively). Conclusions:In patients receiving mechanical ventilation, elevation of PEEP leads to a synchronous change of CVP, which is corelated with patients′ chest wall elastic resistances.

Effectiveness assessment of surgical resection combined with 131Ⅰ therapy on differentiated thyroid carcinoma in the elderly / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical value of surgical resection combined with 131Ⅰ therapy in the treatment of differentiated thyroid carcinoma(DTC)in the elderly. Methods:From January 2010 to December 2015, 168 elderly patients with DTC admitted to the general surgery department of our hospital were divided into the combined treatment group(n=97)and the surgery group(n=71). During the same period, 68 young and middle-aged patients with DTC were enrolled as the control group.The combined treatment and control groups were treated with total or subtotal thyroidectomy combined with 131Ⅰ therapy, while the surgery group received surgical resection only.An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to monitor the thyroglobulin(Tg)level of patients in the three groups before and 1 week after treatment and 1, 3, 6 months after treatment, and adverse reactions and clinical efficacy grading within 6 months after treatment were evaluated.Tumor recurrence and metastasis and patient survival in the three groups were followed up for 5 years. Results:After 1 month of treatment, serum Tg levels showed significant differences between the three groups( F=15.329, P=0.011), and Tg levels were lower in the control group than in the combined treatment and surgery groups[(30.47±6.97) μg/L vs.(47.13±7.34) μg/L, (46.12±6.55) μg/L, t=3.462 and 4.791, P=0.017 and 0.023)]. After 3 and 6 months of treatment, serum Tg levels still had significant differences between the three groups( F=22.641 and 34.182, P=0.000 and 0.000), and Tg levels were lower in the combined treatment and control groups than in the surgery group[(28.27±10.16) μg/L, (41.82±9.83) μg/L vs.(13.17±2.69), t=3.164 and 4.649, P=0.012 and 0.005; (11.16±5.43) μg/L, (28.67±9.19) μg/L vs.(1.45±0.28) μg/L, t=4.251 and 7.283, P=0.009 and 0.000)], and the control group had lower Tg levels than the combined treatment group( t=2.184 and 4.537, P=0.011 and 0.000). After 6 months of treatment, the incidences of myelosuppression(21.6%, 0.0% vs.11.8%, χ2=17.851, P=0.000)and gastrointestinal reaction(37.1%, 11.3% vs.27.9%, χ2=14.070, P=0.001)were higher in the combined treatment group than in the surgery and control groups.The control group had a higher rate of effectiveness than the other two groups(73.5% vs.62.9%, 31.0%, χ2=8.796 and 33.834, P=0.032 and 0.000)and the combined treatment group had a higher effectiveness rate than the surgery group, (62.9% vs.31.0%, χ2=18.825, P=0.000). During the follow-up, the tumor recurrence-free time and the survival time were better in the control group than in the other two groups( Log Rankχ2=30.335 and 20.628, P=0.000 and 0.000). Conclusions:Surgical resection combined with 131Ⅰ therapy can reduce local progression, recurrence and metastasis of DTC, but its clinical effectiveness is worse in elderly patients than in young and middle-aged patients.

Study on the mechanism of Coptidis rhizoma in treating gastritis based on network pharmacology / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of Coptidis rhizoma in the treatment of gastritis based on network pharmacology. Methods:The main components and targets of Coptidis rhizoma were screened by TCMSP and TCMID database. GeneCards were used to select the target genes related to gastritis from the human gene database, and the target genes related to gastritis were screened by Genemap in the OMIM database. We used R language VennDiagram package to crosse the gene targets of drugs and diseases, and screen the target of the main components of Coptidis rhizoma in the treatment of gastritis, and to use Cytoscape software to map the gene regulatory network of galangal in the treatment of gastritis, and to use the String database to construct the gene-protein of Coptidis rhizoma. The interaction visualization network map for protein- protein interaction (PPI) were screened out the core genes, and the Bioconductor in the R language was used to analyze the GO and KEGG pathways for the selected gene targets. Results:Fourteen main active compounds of Coptidis rhizoma were screened, and 71 gene targets may be involved in the treatment of gastritis. The results of GO and KEGG pathway analysis indicated that berberine mainly involves cytokine receptor binding, regulation of cytokine activity, and biological processes such as binding to heme, by regulating AGE-RAGE, IL-17, TNF, NF-kappa B and HIF-1. The signaling pathway acts to treat gastritis. Conclusions:This study constructed the role of berberine in the treatment of gastritis with multi-active component, multi-gene, multi-target pathway through network pharmacology. It comprehensively predicted the gene target and signaling pathway of Coptidis rhizoma in the treatment of gastritis, in order to further study the treatment of berberine. The mechanism of action of gastritis provides a reference basis.

Agreement of self-reported and proposed standard on oral health among children / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyze the consistency between self-reported oral health and proposed standard in evaluating children oral health status, and to test whether self-reported oral health can be used in children population.@*Methods@#The clinical examination data and questionnaire data were 2 158 children aged 12-year-old in Beijing, China. Child oral health status was measured by self-reported oral health and proposed standard from World Health Organization (WHO), and was classified into "good, general, poor" based on each method. Kappa test was used to evaluate the consistency of two measurements. Using multivariate nonordinal logistic regression to identify the influencing factors of self-reported oral health, and to explore the possible reasons for the consistency differences of two measurements.@*Results@#According to the WHO standard, 25.5%, 65.3% and 9.2% children oral health were rated as good, general and poor, respectively. The proportion was 50.6%, 37.7% and 11.8% respectively based on self-report method. Kappa value for two measurements was 0.04, indicating poor agreement between two methods. Results from regression model show that both the untreated caries (OR=2.47, P<0.01) and toothache (OR=3.54, P<0.01) were associated with self-reported oral health, while not observed in periodontal health (OR=1.34, P=0.18) and oral hygiene status(OR=0.95, P=0.75).@*Conclusion@#Self-reported oral health results can reflect caries status to some extents among children, but it failed to reflect other aspects, such as periodontal health status and oral hygiene. Self-reported oral health among children should be considered based on the requirements of assessment content and accuracy in the future work.

Nuclear Theranostics in Taiwan / 대한핵의학회잡지

Boron neutron capture therapy and Y-90 radioembolization are emerging therapeutic methods for uncontrolled brain cancers and hepatic cancers, respectively. These advanced radiation therapies are heavily relied on theranostic nuclear medicine imaging before the therapy for the eligibility of patients and the prescribed-dose simulation, as well as the post-therapy scanning for assessing the treatment efficacy. In Taiwan, the Taipei Veterans General Hospital is the only institute performing the BNCT and also the leading institute performing Y-90 radioembolization. In this article, we present our single institute experiences and associated theranostic nuclear medicine approaches for these therapies.

Analysis of risk factors for patients with liver cancer admitted to the ICU after major hepatectomy / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Intensive Care Unit (ICU)admission on patients with malignant liver tumors after elective major hepatectomy,and to analyze the relevant factors relating to ICU admission.Method 1 044 liver cancer patients who underwent elective hepatectomy were included into this study.Using the length of extubation time (＞ 5 h) and/or treatment time (＞ 24 h) in ICU,the patients were divided into the ICU group and the general group.The age,gender,underlying disease and operative time,intraoperative blood loss,blood transfusion,as well as postoperative complications,mortality,hospital stay and hospitalization costs were compared between the two groups.The relative factors of the ICU group were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analysis.Results Compared to the general group,the mean age (57.4 ± 3.7 vs.53.2 ± 3.2),and the proportions of patients with associated lung diseases (33.7％ vs.10.0％),chronic kidney diseases (9.6％ vs 2.0％),anemia (50.6％ vs.5.3％),as well as the amounts of intraoperative blood loss (816 ml vs.635 ml) and blood transfusion (4.3 U vs.1.4 U) in the ICU group were significantly higher.The differences were significant (P ＜0.05).Furthermore,the ICU group of patients had a significantly longer hospital stay (21.6 days vs.10.1 days,P ＜ 0.05) and more hospital costs (76 751 yuan vs.42 069 yuan,P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that age,blood loss and transfusion were associated with ICU admission.Conclusions It is not necessary to admit every patient with malignant liver tumors to ICU after elective major hepatectomy.ICU admission resulted in prolonged hospital stay and elevated hospital costs.Age (OR =1.077,95％ CI:1.030 ～ 1.127),amount of blood loss (OR =3.211,95％ CI:1.038 ～ 9.929) and blood transfusion (OR =1.330,95％ CI:1.113 ～ 1.589) were associated with ICU admission.There are still many potentially influencing factors which need further studies to determine.

Nuclear Theranostics in Taiwan / 대한핵의학회잡지

Boron neutron capture therapy and Y-90 radioembolization are emerging therapeutic methods for uncontrolled brain cancers and hepatic cancers, respectively. These advanced radiation therapies are heavily relied on theranostic nuclear medicine imaging before the therapy for the eligibility of patients and the prescribed-dose simulation, as well as the post-therapy scanning for assessing the treatment efficacy. In Taiwan, the Taipei Veterans General Hospital is the only institute performing the BNCT and also the leading institute performing Y-90 radioembolization. In this article, we present our single institute experiences and associated theranostic nuclear medicine approaches for these therapies.

Nerve growth factor upregulates sirtuin 1 expression in cholestasis: a potential therapeutic target

This study investigated the regulatory role of nerve growth factor (NGF) in sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression in cholestatic livers. We evaluated the expression of NGF and its cognate receptors in human livers with hepatolithiasis and the effects of NGF therapy on liver injury and hepatic SIRT1 expression in a bile duct ligation (BDL) mouse model. Histopathological and molecular analyses showed that the hepatocytes of human diseased livers expressed NGF, proNGF (a precursor of NGF), TrkA and p75NTR, whereas only p75NTR was upregulated in hepatolithiasis, compared with non-hepatolithiasis livers. In the BDL model without NGF therapy, p75NTR, but not TrkA antagonism, significantly deteriorated BDL-induced liver injury. By contrast, the hepatoprotective effect of NGF was abrogated only by TrkA and not by p75NTR antagonism in animals receiving NGF therapy. Intriguingly, a positive correlation between hepatic SIRT1 and NGF expression was found in human livers. In vitro studies demonstrated that NGF upregulated SIRT1 expression in mouse livers and human Huh-7 and rodent hepatocytes. Both NGF and proNGF induced protective effects against hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity in Huh-7 cells, whereas inhibition of TrkA and p75NTR activity prevented oxidative cell death. Mechanistically, NGF, but not proNGF, upregulated SIRT1 expression in human Huh-7 and rodent hepatocytes via nuclear factor (NF)-κB activity, whereas NGF-induced phosphoinositide-3 kinase/Akt, extracellular signal–regulated kinase and NF-κB signaling and SIRT1 activity were involved in its hepatoprotective effects against oxidative injury. These findings suggest that pharmacological manipulation of the NGF/SIRT1 axis might serve as a novel approach for the treatment of cholestatic disease.

Comparison of the Quality of Life in Patients with Advanced Cancer:Based on Two Models of Palliative Care Ward and Home Palliative Care / 中国医学伦理学

Objective: To investigate whether there are differences of palliative care of advanced cancer pa-tients' life quality between the medical institutions care mode and home care mode and the causes. Methods:Col-lecting eligible advanced cancer patients in the palliative care wards of community health service center and in the home palliative care unit in a year and a half, among which 53 patients were in the ward and 60 patients were at home. Evaluations for life quality were conducted before palliative care and after 2 weeks of palliative care. Re-sults:There were no differences before and after the intervention at palliative care wards in the aspect of role func-tion among patients ( P >0 . 05 ) , while there were improvements in all dimensions of life quality ( P <0 . 01 ) . There were improvements in all dimensions of life quality among patients at home ( P<0 . 01 ) . Other aspects were statistically significant (P<0. 01) except body functions, emotion functions, and somnipathy (P>0. 05) by com-paring the differences of the two groups. Patients at home had better role functions, social functions and less nausea and vomiting than patients at wards, and economic impact was bigger than that at wards(P<0. 01). Patients at wards had better conditions in recognition functions, general life quality, fatigue, pain, expiratory dyspnea, appe-tite loss, constipation and diarrhea than that at home(P<0. 01). Conclusion: Palliative care in either wards or home also can improve the life quality, and relieve symptoms and economic burdens.

Recent application and outlooks of fluorescent diagnostic techniques in clinic / 医疗卫生装备

Current problems and demands of intraoperative diagnosis were presented. Basic theories and classification of fluorescent diagnostic techniques were introduced, and the advantages compared with traditional pathology were also analyzed.Current research and application status of fluorescent diagnostic techniques were summarized and analyzed in two aspects:spectroscopy analysis and image analysis,and it was indicated that fluorescent diagnosis was important for research and clinical application.Furthermore,future development directions of fluorescent diagnostic techniques were analyzed,and improving accuracy and combining diagnosis with clinical treatment were growing trends in fluorescent diagnostic techniques.

Efficacy and safety of trastuzumab combined with paclitaxel for treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 overexpressing metastatic breast cancer patients / 新乡医学院学报

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the second or third line usage of trastuzumab combined with paclitaxel for treatment of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(Her-2)overexpressing metastatic breast cancer. Methods A total of 58 patients with Her-2 overexpressing metastatic breast cancer who had been treated by the first and second-line treatment method were selected in the First People's Hospital of Xinxiang City from March 2012 to March 2015. All patients were treated with trastuzumab combined paclitaxel for 6 to 8 cycles,then the efficacy and adverse reactions were evaluated,and the efficacy and adverse reactions between patients with different clinical features were compared. The pa-tients were followed up for three years,and the survival rate was analysed. Results Of the 58 patients,53 patients completed the chemical treatment successfully,including 6 cases of complete remission,24 cases of partial remission,12 cases of stable dis-ease,11 cases of progressive disease,the effective rate was 56. 6％(30/ 53);the 3-year survival rate of patients was 28. 3％(15/53). The effective rate of patients who had not used taxanes was significantly higher than that who had used the taxanes(P <0. 05);the conditions of previous treatment,the estrogen and progesterone receptor and the number of the metastatic sites had no significant effect on the treatment effect(P >0. 05);the 3-year survival rate of patients who had used first-line chemotherapy was significantly higher than that who had used the second-line chemotherapy(P <0. 05);whether use of trastuzumab,the conditond of estrogen and progesterone receptor and the number of the metastatic sites had no significant effect on the 3-year survival rate (P >0. 05). The main adverse reactions of patients were neutrophilic granulocytopenia(75. 5％,40/ 53),anemia(71. 7％,38/53)and thrombocytopenia(50. 9％,27/ 53);there was no statistic difference in the incidence of main adverse reactions in pa-tients with different clinical characteristics(P > 0. 05). Conclusion The second or third-line usage of trastuzumab combined with paclitaxel for treatment of Her-2 overexpressing metastatic breast cancer patients is efficacy and safety. Patients who have not treated with trastuzumab and only received the first-line chemotherapy have a better therapeutic effect.

The Correlation Analysis between Hyperuricemia and Dyslipidemia in Rural Areas,Yunnan Province / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To provide evidence－based prevention of chronic disease and nutritional interventions by investigating the development of dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia in rural areas of Yunnan and analyzing the relationship between hyperuricemia and dyslipidemia. Methods The cross－sectional study recruited 513 residents over 18 years old in 2016. The morning fasting venous blood of all subjects were obtained to detect uric acid, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and high－density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL－C) . Each food factor's blood lipid to the hyperuricemia was determined through multivariate logistic regression. Results The prevalence rates of hyperuricemia and dyslipidemia were 18.7% and 44.7% respectively. Females were more likely to have hyperuricemia than males (P＜0.05) . Males were more likely to develop dyslipidemia than females (P＞0.05) . The prevalence of hyperuricemia and dyslipidemia increased with age. Logistic regression analysis showed that the level of TG and LDL－C were risk factors and the level of HDL－C was protective factor of hyperuricemia. Conclusion Regularly testing the levels of uric acid and blood lipid, enhancing the knowledge of reasonable diet and developing healthy dietary habits have significant importance to prevent chronic diseases.